Wildflower
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Common Yarrow
Common YarrowAchillea millefoliumAchillea millefolium -
Sweet Flag
Sweet FlagAcorus calamusAcorus calamus -
White Baneberry
White BaneberryActea pachypodaActea pachypoda -
Tall False Foxglove
Tall False FoxgloveAgalinis asperaAgalinis aspera -
Slenderleaf False Foxglove
Slenderleaf False FoxgloveAgalinis tenuifoliaAgalinis tenuifolia -
Fragrant Hyssop
Fragrant HyssopAgastache foeniculumAgastache foeniculum -
White Snakeroot
White SnakerootAgeratina altissimaAgeratina altissima -
Tall Hairy Agrimony
Tall Hairy AgrimonyAgrimonia gryposepalaAgrimonia gryposepala -
Large-flowered Water Plantain
Large-flowered Water PlantainAlisma trivialeAlisma triviale -
Nodding Onion
Nodding OnionAllium cernuumAllium cernuum -
Wild Onion
Wild OnionAllium stellatumAllium stellatum -
Leadplant
LeadplantAmorpha canescensAmorpha canescens -
Canada Anemone
Canada AnemoneAnemone canadensisAnemone canadensis -
Thimble Flower
Thimble FlowerAnemone cylindricaAnemone cylindrica -
Tall Thimbleweed
Tall ThimbleweedAnemone virginiana L.Anemone virginiana L. -
Angelica
AngelicaAngelica atropurpureaAngelica atropurpurea -
Pussytoes
PussytoesAntennaria neglectaAntennaria neglecta -
Columbine
ColumbineAquilegia canadensisAquilegia canadensis -
Green Dragon
Green DragonArisaema dracontiumArisaema dracontium -
Jack in the Pulpit
Jack in the PulpitArisaema triphyllumArisaema triphyllum -
Beach Wormwood
Beach WormwoodArtemisia caudataArtemisia caudata -
Prairie Sage
Prairie SageArtemisia ludovicianaArtemisia ludoviciana -
Wild Ginger
Wild GingerAsarum canadenseAsarum canadense -
Showy Milkweed
Showy MilkweedAsclepia speciosaAsclepia speciosa -
Marsh Milkweed
Marsh MilkweedAsclepias incarnataAsclepias incarnata -
Common Milkweed
Common MilkweedAsclepias syriacaAsclepias syriaca -
Butterfly Weed
Butterfly WeedAsclepias tuberosaAsclepias tuberosa -
Whorled Milkweed
Whorled MilkweedAsclepias verticillataAsclepias verticillata -
Ebony Spleenwort
Ebony SpleenwortAsplenium platyneuronAsplenium platyneuron -
Aromatic Aster
Aromatic AsterAster oblongifoliusAster oblongifolius -
Azure Sky (Blue) Aster
Azure Sky (Blue) AsterAster oolentangiensisAster oolentangiensis -
Crooked-stemmed Aster
Crooked-stemmed AsterAster prenanthoidesAster prenanthoides -
Purple-stemmed Aster
Purple-stemmed AsterAster puniceusAster puniceus -
Silky Aster
Silky AsterAster sericeusAster sericeus -
Panicled Aster
Panicled AsterAster simplexAster simplex -
Canada Milkvetch
Canada MilkvetchAstragalus canadensisAstragalus canadensis -
Ground Plum
Ground PlumAstragalus crassicarpusAstragalus crassicarpus -
Lady Fern
Lady FernAthyrium filix-feminaAthyrium filix-femina -
White Wild Indigo
White Wild IndigoBaptisia albaBaptisia alba -
Cream Wild Indigo
Cream Wild IndigoBaptisia bracteataBaptisia bracteata -
Downy Wood Mint
Downy Wood MintBlephilia ciliataBlephilia ciliata -
Hairy Wood Mint
Hairy Wood MintBlephilia hirsutaBlephilia hirsuta -
Oklahoma Grasspink
Oklahoma GrasspinkCalopogon oklahomensisCalopogon oklahomensis -
Marsh Marigold
Marsh MarigoldCaltha palustrisCaltha palustris -
Tall Bellflower
Tall BellflowerCampanula americanaCampanula americana -
Harebell
HarebellCampanula rotundifoliaCampanula rotundifolia -
Blue Cohosh
Blue CohoshCaulophyllum thalictroidesCaulophyllum thalictroides -
Partridge Pea
Partridge PeaChamaecrista fasciculataChamaecrista fasciculata -
Turtlehead
TurtleheadChelone glabraChelone glabra -
Black Cohosh
Black CohoshCimicifuga racemosaCimicifuga racemosa -
Broadleaved Spring Beauty
Broadleaved Spring BeautyClaytonia carolinianaClaytonia caroliniana -
Spring Beauty
Spring BeautyClaytonia virginicaClaytonia virginica -
Prairie Coreopsis
Prairie CoreopsisCoreopsis palmataCoreopsis palmata -
Water Pygmyweed
Water PygmyweedCrassula aquaticaCrassula aquatica -
White Prairie Clover
White Prairie CloverDalea candidumDalea candidum -
Purple Prairie Clover
Purple Prairie CloverDalea purpureumDalea purpureum -
Silky Prairie Clover
Silky Prairie CloverDalea villosumDalea villosum -
Prairie Larkspur
Prairie LarkspurDelphinium virescensDelphinium virescens -
Hay Scented Fern
Hay Scented FernDennstasdtia punctilobulaDennstasdtia punctilobula -
Showy Tick-Trefoil
Showy Tick-TrefoilDesmodium canadenseDesmodium canadense -
Dutchman's Breeches
Dutchman's BreechesDicentra cucullariaDicentra cucullaria -
Leatherwood
LeatherwoodDirca palustrisDirca palustris -
Shooting-Star
Shooting-StarDodecatheon meadiaDodecatheon meadia -
Flat Topped Aster
Flat Topped AsterDoellingeria umbellataDoellingeria umbellata -
Narrow-leaved Purple Coneflower
Narrow-leaved Purple ConeflowerEchinacea angustifoliaEchinacea angustifolia -
Pale Purple Coneflower
Pale Purple ConeflowerEchinacea pallidaEchinacea pallida -
Purple Coneflower
Purple ConeflowerEchinacea purpureaEchinacea purpurea -
Fire Weed
Fire WeedEpilobium angustifoliumEpilobium angustifolium -
Rattlesnake Master
Rattlesnake MasterEryngium yuccifoliumEryngium yuccifolium -
Joe-Pye Weed
Joe-Pye WeedEupatorium maculatumEupatorium maculatum -
Boneset
BonesetEupatorium perfoliatumEupatorium perfoliatum -
Sweet Joe-Pye Weed
Sweet Joe-Pye WeedEupatorium purpureumEupatorium purpureum -
Flowering Spurge
Flowering SpurgeEuphorbia corollataEuphorbia corollata -
Large Leaved Aster
Large Leaved AsterEurybia macrophyllaEurybia macrophylla -
Queen of the Prairie
Queen of the PrairieFilipendula rubraFilipendula rubra -
Wild Strawberry
Wild StrawberryFragaria virginianaFragaria virginiana -
Northern Bedstraw
Northern BedstrawGalium borealeGalium boreale -
Bottle Gentian
Bottle GentianGentiana andrewsiiGentiana andrewsii -
Cream Gentian
Cream GentianGentiana flavidaGentiana flavida -
Stiff Gentian
Stiff GentianGentianella quinquefoliaGentianella quinquefolia -
Wild Geranium
Wild GeraniumGeranium maculatumGeranium maculatum -
Prairie Smoke
Prairie SmokeGeum triflorumGeum triflorum -
Sweet Everlasting
Sweet EverlastingGnaphalium obtusifoliumGnaphalium obtusifolium -
Longleaf Bluets
Longleaf BluetsHedyotis longifoliaHedyotis longifolia -
Sneezeweed
SneezeweedHelenium autumnaleHelenium autumnale -
Woodland Sunflower
Woodland SunflowerHelianthus divaricatusHelianthus divaricatus -
Showy Sunflower
Showy SunflowerHelianthus laetiflorusHelianthus laetiflorus -
Maximilian Sunflower
Maximilian SunflowerHelianthus maximilianiHelianthus maximiliani -
Western Sunflower
Western SunflowerHelianthus occidentalisHelianthus occidentalis -
Oxeye
OxeyeHeliopsis helianthoidesHeliopsis helianthoides -
Sharp Lobed Hepatica
Sharp Lobed HepaticaHepatica acutilobaHepatica acutiloba -
Round Lobed Hepatica
Round Lobed HepaticaHepatica americanaHepatica americana -
Mud Plantain
Mud PlantainHeterantheraHeteranthera -
Golden Aster
Golden AsterHeterotheca camporumHeterotheca camporum -
Alumroot
AlumrootHeuchera richardsoniiHeuchera richardsonii -
Virginia Waterleaf
Virginia WaterleafHydrophyllum virginianumHydrophyllum virginianum -
Great St. Johnswort
Great St. JohnswortHypericum pyramidatumHypericum pyramidatum -
Dwarf Crested Iris
Dwarf Crested IrisIris cristataIris cristata -
Blue Flag Iris
Blue Flag IrisIris versicolorIris versicolor -
Roundheaded Bushclover
Roundheaded BushcloverLespedeza capitataLespedeza capitata -
Rough Blazingstar
Rough BlazingstarLiatris asperaLiatris aspera -
Cylindric Blazingstar
Cylindric BlazingstarLiatris cylindricaLiatris cylindrica -
Northern Blazing Star
Northern Blazing StarLiatris ligulistylisLiatris ligulistylis -
Dotted Blazingstar
Dotted BlazingstarLiatris punctataLiatris punctata -
Prairie Blazingstar
Prairie BlazingstarLiatris pycnostachyaLiatris pycnostachya -
Michigan (Turk's Cap) Lily
Michigan (Turk's Cap) LilyLilium michiganenseLilium michiganense -
Yelloweyed Grass
Yelloweyed GrassLindernia dubiaLindernia dubia -
Yellow Widelip Orchid
Yellow Widelip OrchidLiparis loeseliiLiparis loeselii -
Cardinal Flower
Cardinal FlowerLobelia cardinalisLobelia cardinalis -
Blue Lobelia
Blue LobeliaLobelia siphiliticaLobelia siphilitica -
Pale-Spike Lobelia
Pale-Spike LobeliaLobelia spicataLobelia spicata -
Wild Lupine
Wild LupineLupinus perennisLupinus perennis -
Waterhorehound
WaterhorehoundLycopus americanusLycopus americanus -
Wild Lily-of-the-Valley
Wild Lily-of-the-ValleyMaianthemum canadenseMaianthemum canadense -
Virginia Bluebells
Virginia BluebellsMertensia virginicaMertensia virginica -
Monkey Flower
Monkey FlowerMimulus ringensMimulus ringens -
Wild Bergamot
Wild BergamotMonarda fistulosaMonarda fistulosa -
Dotted Mint - Spotted Bee Balm
Dotted Mint - Spotted Bee BalmMonarda punctataMonarda punctata -
Water Minerslettuce
Water MinerslettuceMontia chamissoiMontia chamissoi -
American Lotus
American LotusNelumbo luteaNelumbo lutea -
Sensitive Fern
Sensitive FernOnoclea sensibilisOnoclea sensibilis -
Interrupted Fern
Interrupted FernOsmunda claytonianaOsmunda claytoniana -
Cinnamon Fern
Cinnamon FernOsmundo cinnamomeaOsmundo cinnamomea -
Praire Groundsel
Praire GroundselPackera plattensisPackera plattensis -
Smooth Penstemon
Smooth PenstemonPenstemon digitalisPenstemon digitalis -
Slender Penstemon
Slender PenstemonPenstemon gracilisPenstemon gracilis -
Showy Penstemon
Showy PenstemonPenstemon grandiflorusPenstemon grandiflorus -
Hairy Penstemon
Hairy PenstemonPenstemon hirsutusPenstemon hirsutus -
Blue Phlox
Blue PhloxPhlox divaricataPhlox divaricata -
Prairie Phlox
Prairie PhloxPhlox pilosaPhlox pilosa -
Obedient Plant
Obedient PlantPhysostegia virginianaPhysostegia virginiana -
May Apple
May ApplePodophyllum peltatumPodophyllum peltatum -
Jacob's Ladder
Jacob's LadderPolemonium reptansPolemonium reptans -
Solomon's Seal
Solomon's SealPolygonatum biflorumPolygonatum biflorum -
Pickerelweed
PickerelweedPontederia cordataPontederia cordata -
Variableleaf Pondweed
Variableleaf PondweedPotamogeton gramineusPotamogeton gramineus -
Prairie Cinquefoil
Prairie CinquefoilPotentilla argutaPotentilla arguta -
Rattlesnake Root
Rattlesnake RootPrenanthes albaPrenanthes alba -
Chokecherry
ChokecherryPrunus virginianaPrunus virginiana -
Pasque Flower
Pasque FlowerPulsatilla vulgarisPulsatilla vulgaris -
Mountain Mint
Mountain MintPycnanthemum virginianumPycnanthemum virginianum -
Yellow Water Buttercup
Yellow Water ButtercupRanunculus flabellarisRanunculus flabellaris -
Macoun's Buttercup
Macoun's ButtercupRanunculus macouniiRanunculus macounii -
Upright Coneflower
Upright ConeflowerRatibida columniferaRatibida columnifera -
Prairie Coneflower
Prairie ConeflowerRatibida pinnataRatibida pinnata -
Black-eyed Susan
Black-eyed SusanRudbeckia hirtaRudbeckia hirta -
Green-headed Coneflower
Green-headed ConeflowerRudbeckia laciniataRudbeckia laciniata -
Sweet Coneflower
Sweet ConeflowerRudbeckia subtomentosaRudbeckia subtomentosa -
Thinleaved Coneflower
Thinleaved ConeflowerRudbeckia trilobaRudbeckia triloba -
Wild Petunia
Wild PetuniaRuellia humilisRuellia humilis -
Arrowhead
ArrowheadSagittaria latifoliaSagittaria latifolia -
Bloodroot
BloodrootSanguinaria canadensisSanguinaria canadensis -
Maryland Sanicle
Maryland SanicleSanicula marilandicaSanicula marilandica -
Royal Catchfly
Royal CatchflySilene regiaSilene regia -
Compass Plant
Compass PlantSilphium laciniatumSilphium laciniatum -
Cup Plant
Cup PlantSilphium perfoliatumSilphium perfoliatum -
Prairie Dock
Prairie DockSilphium terebinthinaceumSilphium terebinthinaceum -
Prairie Blue-Eyed Grass
Prairie Blue-Eyed GrassSisyrinchium campestreSisyrinchium campestre -
False Solomon's Seal
False Solomon's SealSmilacina racemosaSmilacina racemosa -
Starry False Solomon Seal
Starry False Solomon SealSmilacina stellataSmilacina stellata -
Zig Zag Goldenrod
Zig Zag GoldenrodSolidago flexicaulisSolidago flexicaulis -
Gray Goldenrod
Gray GoldenrodSolidago nemoralisSolidago nemoralis -
White Upland Aster
White Upland AsterSolidago ptarmicoidesSolidago ptarmicoides -
Riddell's Goldenrod
Riddell's GoldenrodSolidago riddelliiSolidago riddellii -
Rigid Goldenrod
Rigid GoldenrodSolidago rigidaSolidago rigida -
Showy Goldenrod
Showy GoldenrodSolidago speciosaSolidago speciosa -
Meadowsweet
MeadowsweetSpirea albaSpirea alba -
Blue Wood Aster
Blue Wood AsterSymphyotrichum cordifoliumSymphyotrichum cordifolium -
Heath Aster
Heath AsterSymphyotrichum ericoidesSymphyotrichum ericoides -
Smooth Aster
Smooth AsterSymphyotrichum laeveSymphyotrichum laeve -
New England Aster
New England AsterSymphyotrichum novae-angliaeSymphyotrichum novae-angliae -
Tall Meadow Rue
Tall Meadow RueThalictrum dasycarpumThalictrum dasycarpum -
Rue Anemone
Rue AnemoneThalictrum thalictroidesThalictrum thalictroides -
Spiderwort
SpiderwortTradescantia bracteataTradescantia bracteata -
Rabbitfoot Clover
Rabbitfoot CloverTrifolium arvenseTrifolium arvense -
Showy Trillium
Showy TrilliumTrillium grandiflorumTrillium grandiflorum -
Large Flower Bellwort
Large Flower BellwortUvularia grandifloraUvularia grandiflora -
Edible Valerian
Edible ValerianValeriana edulisValeriana edulis -
Blue Vervain
Blue VervainVerbena hastataVerbena hastata -
Hoary Vervain
Hoary VervainVerbena strictaVerbena stricta -
Ironweed
IronweedVernonia fasciculataVernonia fasciculata -
Culvers Root
Culvers RootVeronicastrum virginicumVeronicastrum virginicum -
Canada Violet
Canada VioletViola candensisViola candensis -
Missouri Violet
Missouri VioletViola missouriensisViola missouriensis -
Bird's Foot Violet
Bird's Foot VioletViola pedataViola pedata -
Yellow Violet
Yellow VioletViola pubescensViola pubescens -
Heart-leaved Golden Alexander
Heart-leaved Golden AlexanderZizia apteraZizia aptera -
Golden Alexander
Golden AlexanderZizia aureaZizia aurea
Name | Type | Light Exposure | Soil Moisture | Height | Bloom Color | Bloom Months | Notes/Description | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Common Yarrow Achillea millefolium ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Sweet Flag Acorus calamus ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
White Baneberry Actea pachypoda ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Tall False Foxglove Agalinis aspera ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | This annual plant is 1–2½' tall, branching occasionally. It has a tendency to sprawl in the absence of supportive vegetation. The dark green stems are grooved and hairless. The opposite leaves are 1-3 inches long, dark green, and linear. They have smooth margins and a prominent midvein. The leaves are usually hairless, although new growth may be slightly pubescent. Secondary leaves may develop from the axils of the primary leaves along the central stem, but they are smaller in size than the latter. Some of the upper stems develop racemes of flowers. These flowers are up to 1 inch long and across, and vary in color from lavender to purple. | |||||
Slenderleaf False Foxglove Agalinis tenuifolia ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Fragrant Hyssop Agastache foeniculum ![]() |
4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
White Snakeroot Ageratina altissima ![]() |
2 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Tall Hairy Agrimony Agrimonia gryposepala ![]() |
1 to 5 feet | USDA Info | There are 2 species of agrimony in Minnesota, Tall Hairy Agrimony and Roadside Agrimony (Agrimonia striata). Differences between them are subtle, the more obvious are that the latter has hairy underside of leaves, not just along the veins, the flowering branches are mostly erect, it is more densely hairy all the way up the stem, and it tends to be a larger, more robust plant overall. | |||||
Large-flowered Water Plantain Alisma triviale ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | Alisma triviale prefers full or partial sun and mucky soil or shallow, slow-moving, even stagnant water. It withstands drought better than most aquatic plants. The oval basal leaves of Alisma trivale are about one-foot tall and form a rosette from which rises a whorled panicle of small white flowers, reaching a height of three feet during summer. This species prefers full or partial sun and mucky soil or shallow, slow-moving, even stagnant water. It withstands drought better than most aquatic plants. | |||||
Nodding Onion Allium cernuum ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Wild Onion Allium stellatum ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Leadplant Amorpha canescens ![]() |
1 to 3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Canada Anemone Anemone canadensis ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | Showy white flowers highlight this plant in spring. This may be the only time of year when the extent of its spread is apparent! In garden settings, be prepared for it to spread quickly by underground roots. In restorations, it can help stabilize soil relatively quickly. | |||||
Thimble Flower Anemone cylindrica ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Tall Thimbleweed Anemone virginiana L. ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | This perennial plant is about 1-2½' tall. The stems have scattered white hairs and there is little branching, except for the production of long stalks for the flowers. The leaves occur in 1 or 2 whorls along the stem, usually in groups of 2 or 3. They are up to 5 inches long and across, and have long petioles with scattered white hairs. Each major leaf is divided into 2 or 3 deep lobes, which are in turn divided into 2 or 3 shallower lobes. Because these divisions are rather sharp, the leaves are cleft. Furthermore, the margins are coarsely serrate or dentate. The leaves are often light green or yellowish green in bright sunlight. | |||||
Angelica Angelica atropurpurea ![]() |
7 feet | USDA Info | With impressive stature, leaves that can reach two feet wide and large umbrella-like flower structure, this species has an imposing presence. It's not surprising that it has a long history of reputed medicinal and magical properties. Stately sentinels along stream beds, Angelica plants reach heights of six or more feet with hollow, smooth purple stems from one to two inches round. Angelica is calcareous and therefore needs an alkaline soil with a pH of 7 to 8. | |||||
Pussytoes Antennaria neglecta ![]() |
1 foot | USDA Info | ||||||
Columbine Aquilegia canadensis ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | Columbine will bloom profusely in sunnier locations, and provides refreshing splashes of color in shadier locations. Readily reseeds, but usually not troublesome. | |||||
Green Dragon Arisaema dracontium ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | Like its smaller cousin, Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Green Dragon thrives under a variety of conditions, but grows most vigorously in moist, shady, seasonally wet locations. It is deer resistant! The 'Jack,' is the spongy cylindrical structure inside a leaf-like structure that is rolled into a deep cup with an overhanging roof, the 'pulpit'. The whole ensemble somewhat resembles a minister in an old-fashioned pulpit. The fruit are smooth, shiny green, 1 cm wide berries clustered on the thickened spadix and ripen in late summer and fall, turning a bright red color before the plants go dormant. | |||||
Jack in the Pulpit Arisaema triphyllum ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | A great woodland plant with the pulpit in the spring and red berries in the fall. | |||||
Beach Wormwood Artemisia caudata ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | In the Aster family, Beach Wormwood is a biennial or short-lived perennial. | |||||
Prairie Sage Artemisia ludoviciana ![]() |
2 to 3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Wild Ginger Asarum canadense ![]() |
6 to 12 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Showy Milkweed Asclepia speciosa ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Marsh Milkweed Asclepias incarnata ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Common Milkweed Asclepias syriaca ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | Sometimes considered weedy, this is a monarch butterfly favorite as both a host and nectar plant. Large flower heads are quite showy. Spreads by seed and underground roots. | |||||
Butterfly Weed Asclepias tuberosa ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | One of the best natives for dry, sunny areas, butterfly milkweed is a host plant for the larva of the monarch butterfly and provides nectar and pollen for butterflies, bees, and other pollinating insects. Bright orange flowers sit on top of a compact plant of 2' by 2' at maturity. | |||||
Whorled Milkweed Asclepias verticillata ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Ebony Spleenwort Asplenium platyneuron ![]() |
8 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Aromatic Aster Aster oblongifolius ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Azure Sky (Blue) Aster Aster oolentangiensis ![]() |
4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Crooked-stemmed Aster Aster prenanthoides ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Purple-stemmed Aster Aster puniceus ![]() |
4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Silky Aster Aster sericeus ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Panicled Aster Aster simplex ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Canada Milkvetch Astragalus canadensis ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Ground Plum Astragalus crassicarpus ![]() |
1 foot | USDA Info | ||||||
Lady Fern Athyrium filix-femina ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
White Wild Indigo Baptisia alba ![]() |
4 to 5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Cream Wild Indigo Baptisia bracteata ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Downy Wood Mint Blephilia ciliata ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Hairy Wood Mint Blephilia hirsuta ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Oklahoma Grasspink Calopogon oklahomensis ![]() |
1 foot | USDA Info | Oklahoma Grass-pink was recognized as a new species only recently, in 1994. Initially its range was considered restricted to south central US, but subsequent herbarium investigations expanded that range into the Upper Midwest, including Minnesota. According to Welby Smith's book 'Native Orchids of Minnesota', the most recent MN specimen dates back to 1884, and while verification via specimens 130 years or older leaves some room for doubt, it is more than less accepted as native to the state but likely long extinct. While the enigma of extinction diminishes the likelihood of new modern discoveries, such events do occur with some frequency for numbers of species and would certainly be an exciting discovery for a lucky field botanist and a great pleasure for the rest of us. Very similar to Tuberous Grass-pink (Calopogon tuberosa) with which it was once lumped, it can be identified in the field. | |||||
Marsh Marigold Caltha palustris ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Tall Bellflower Campanula americana ![]() |
2 to 5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Harebell Campanula rotundifolia ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | A dainty, late spring/early summer bloomer, harebell can bloom throughout the summer into fall if soil moisture is adaquate. Plant with prairie phlox and butterfly weed for fabulous June & July color combinations. | |||||
Blue Cohosh Caulophyllum thalictroides ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Partridge Pea Chamaecrista fasciculata ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Turtlehead Chelone glabra ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Black Cohosh Cimicifuga racemosa ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Broadleaved Spring Beauty Claytonia caroliniana ![]() |
3 to 8 inches | USDA Info | Small pale pink flowers adorn this low growing woodland ephemeral. Can naturalize over the years to create a carpet of blooms. | |||||
Spring Beauty Claytonia virginica ![]() |
3 to 8 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Prairie Coreopsis Coreopsis palmata ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | This coreopsis species performs best on dry soil in full sun, and will bloom continuously if spent flowers are removed. A good species to include in prairies or perennial gardens. In part shade it will not bloom as well. Damper soils will encourage spreading by roots. | |||||
Water Pygmyweed Crassula aquatica ![]() |
3 inches | USDA Info | Crassula aquatica is a small plant forming thin mats or small patches on mud and sand, and growing more erect when exposed to open air for longer periods. The flesh of the plant is greenish-yellow to bright red or purplish. The tiny fleshy pointed leaves are only a few millimeters long.A flower grows on a short stalk from the intersection of each oppositely-arranged pair of leaves. The flower is only about two millimeters long and wide. The fruit is a minute follicle containing several seeds. This plant is widespread across North America and Eurasia. | |||||
White Prairie Clover Dalea candidum ![]() |
3 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Purple Prairie Clover Dalea purpureum ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Silky Prairie Clover Dalea villosum ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Prairie Larkspur Delphinium virescens ![]() |
2 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Hay Scented Fern Dennstasdtia punctilobula ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Showy Tick-Trefoil Desmodium canadense ![]() |
4 to 5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Dutchman's Breeches Dicentra cucullaria ![]() |
1 foot | USDA Info | ||||||
Leatherwood Dirca palustris ![]() |
6 feet | USDA Info | The yellow early spring flowers and red fall fruit make this an attractive choice for a shaded shrub in a landscape. Leatherwood is one of the few native shrubs blooming abundantly in deep shade, due to its early leaf-out. It is a shrub indicating an old growth forest. The bark of Dirca palustris has been know to cause dermatitis. | |||||
Shooting-Star Dodecatheon meadia ![]() |
1 foot | USDA Info | ||||||
Flat Topped Aster Doellingeria umbellata ![]() |
4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Narrow-leaved Purple Coneflower Echinacea angustifolia ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Pale Purple Coneflower Echinacea pallida ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Purple Coneflower Echinacea purpurea ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Fire Weed Epilobium angustifolium ![]() |
4 to 6 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Rattlesnake Master Eryngium yuccifolium ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Joe-Pye Weed Eupatorium maculatum ![]() |
5 to 6 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Boneset Eupatorium perfoliatum ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Sweet Joe-Pye Weed Eupatorium purpureum ![]() |
5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Flowering Spurge Euphorbia corollata ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Large Leaved Aster Eurybia macrophylla ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Queen of the Prairie Filipendula rubra ![]() |
5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Wild Strawberry Fragaria virginiana ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Northern Bedstraw Galium boreale ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Bottle Gentian Gentiana andrewsii ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Cream Gentian Gentiana flavida ![]() |
2 to 3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Stiff Gentian Gentianella quinquefolia ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Wild Geranium Geranium maculatum ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Prairie Smoke Geum triflorum ![]() |
1 foot | USDA Info | ||||||
Sweet Everlasting Gnaphalium obtusifolium ![]() |
3 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Longleaf Bluets Hedyotis longifolia ![]() |
6 to 12 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Sneezeweed Helenium autumnale ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Woodland Sunflower Helianthus divaricatus ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Showy Sunflower Helianthus laetiflorus ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Maximilian Sunflower Helianthus maximiliani ![]() |
4 to 5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Western Sunflower Helianthus occidentalis ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Oxeye Heliopsis helianthoides ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Sharp Lobed Hepatica Hepatica acutiloba ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Round Lobed Hepatica Hepatica americana ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Mud Plantain Heteranthera ![]() |
2 to 6 inches | USDA Info | This aquatic annual or perennial plant of the genus Heteranthera of the pickerelweed family (Pontederiaceae), consist of about 10 species, distributed primarily in tropical America. The broad or ribbonlike leaves of these plants have leafstalks that form sheaths around the long stems. Some species of Heteranthera grow below the water; others float or are rooted on muddy stream banks and lakeshores. Water star grass (H. dubia) is widely distributed throughout North America; it has yellow star-shaped flowers. | |||||
Golden Aster Heterotheca camporum ![]() |
1 to 3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Alumroot Heuchera richardsonii ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | Nice ground cover for shady, dry areas. Large leaves close to the ground persist almost year round, greening up in early spring. Green/tan flowers with red pollen emerge along 1.5 foot stalks. Could be used on the edge of raingardens or on the upland part of shoreline stabilization projects. | |||||
Virginia Waterleaf Hydrophyllum virginianum ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Great St. Johnswort Hypericum pyramidatum ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Dwarf Crested Iris Iris cristata ![]() |
3 to 8 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Blue Flag Iris Iris versicolor ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Roundheaded Bushclover Lespedeza capitata ![]() |
4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Rough Blazingstar Liatris aspera ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Cylindric Blazingstar Liatris cylindrica ![]() |
2 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Northern Blazing Star Liatris ligulistylis ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Dotted Blazingstar Liatris punctata ![]() |
2 to 3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Prairie Blazingstar Liatris pycnostachya ![]() |
4 to 5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Michigan (Turk's Cap) Lily Lilium michiganense ![]() |
4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Yelloweyed Grass Lindernia dubia ![]() |
4 to 8 inches | USDA Info | Lindernia dubia is a species of flowering plant known by the common names yellowseed false pimpernel and moist bank pimpernel. It is a member of the 'new' plant family Linderniaceae, and it is sometimes treated as a member of the families Scrophulariaceae and Plantaginaceae. It is native to much of the Americas from Canada to Chile, and it can be found on other continents as an introduced species. It grows in wet habitat, such as riverbanks, pond margins, and meadows. | |||||
Yellow Widelip Orchid Liparis loeselii ![]() |
2 to 12 inches | USDA Info | Liparis loeselii, common names fen orchid,yellow widelip orchid, or bog twayblade,is a species of orchid. It is native to Europe, northern Asia, the eastern United States and eastern Canada. It grows in fens, bogs and dune slacks. It is a yellow flowering plant with glossy yellow-green leaves. | |||||
Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | A hummingbird favorite, cardinal flower is a striking plant in the garden or restoration. It is a short-lived perennial, usually blooming 3-5 years. It can reseed if seeds receive enough light and consistent moisture during germination. | |||||
Blue Lobelia Lobelia siphilitica ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | Great summer bloomer, especially showy in raingarden base. | |||||
Pale-Spike Lobelia Lobelia spicata ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Wild Lupine Lupinus perennis ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Waterhorehound Lycopus americanus ![]() |
1 to 3 feet | USDA Info | There are several Lycopus species in Minnesota, all with similar clusters of small, white, tubular flowers at the leaf axils, most growing in the same type of habitat at the same time, often next to each other. American Water Horehound is most easily distinguished by its deeply lobed lower leaves, which the others all lack. | |||||
Wild Lily-of-the-Valley Maianthemum canadense ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Virginia Bluebells Mertensia virginica ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Monkey Flower Mimulus ringens ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Wild Bergamot Monarda fistulosa ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Dotted Mint - Spotted Bee Balm Monarda punctata ![]() |
2 to 3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Water Minerslettuce Montia chamissoi ![]() |
3 to 6 inches | USDA Info | Montia chamissoi is a perennial herb in the Purslane (Portulacaceae) family. It is a native North American plant found in western North America, from Alaska to the southwestern and central United States as well as in British Colombia, where it favors favors wet meadows, boggy areas, and along streams. Flowering in June and August, Montia chamissoi has creeping or floating stems, sometimes with slender stolons bearing small bulblets. | |||||
American Lotus Nelumbo lutea ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Sensitive Fern Onoclea sensibilis ![]() |
2 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Interrupted Fern Osmunda claytoniana ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Cinnamon Fern Osmundo cinnamomea ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Praire Groundsel Packera plattensis ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Smooth Penstemon Penstemon digitalis ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Slender Penstemon Penstemon gracilis ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Showy Penstemon Penstemon grandiflorus ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Hairy Penstemon Penstemon hirsutus ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Blue Phlox Phlox divaricata ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Prairie Phlox Phlox pilosa ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Obedient Plant Physostegia virginiana ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
May Apple Podophyllum peltatum ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Jacob's Ladder Polemonium reptans ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Solomon's Seal Polygonatum biflorum ![]() |
1 to 3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Pickerelweed Pontederia cordata ![]() |
4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Variableleaf Pondweed Potamogeton gramineus ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | Variable-leaf pondweed is a perennial plant that has two kinds of leaves. The floating leaves are leathery textured, oval to elliptical 3/8 to 1 1/2 inches long and 3/8 to 3/4 inches wide with a petiole one to two times a long as the blade. The submerged leaves are thin, less than 1/8 of an inch wide and 3/4 to 2 1/4 inches long with obvious midvein and a pointed tip. The fruits are flat about 1/8 of an inch wide and arise from the axis of the floating leaves. | |||||
Prairie Cinquefoil Potentilla arguta ![]() |
1 to 3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Rattlesnake Root Prenanthes alba ![]() |
1 to 5 feet | USDA Info | White Rattlesnake-root is one of the few flowering plants seen in the woods towards the end of summer. It can also be found in smaller forms, typically with smaller, less variable leaves, in rock outcrops and on the rocky shore of Lake Superior. The flower shape is similar to other Prenanthes species, but P. alba is distinguished by its branching clusters of dangling white to pinkish flowers with hairless, purplish bracts, smooth stem and (typically) variable leaf shapes. In some references, P. alba is known by synonym Nabalus albus. | |||||
Chokecherry Prunus virginiana ![]() |
25 feet | USDA Info | Appears like a large shrub cover with flowers in the s[ring. Bitter redish-black berries in late summer. Entire plant except for fruit contains cyanide. Fruit eaten by wildlife. Fall color is yellow to red. | |||||
Pasque Flower Pulsatilla vulgaris ![]() |
6 to 12 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Mountain Mint Pycnanthemum virginianum ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Yellow Water Buttercup Ranunculus flabellaris ![]() |
2 to 3 feet | USDA Info | A similar aquatic species is Small Yellow Water Crowfoot (Ranunculus gmelinii), which has smaller flowers (less than ½ inch), and smaller leaves that are typically wider than long and less finely divided. | |||||
Macoun's Buttercup Ranunculus macounii ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | With relatively ample wetlands and marshes to provide for some representation across the state, Macoun's Buttercup's range restriction to NW Minnesota and westward would seem to be some indication of a preference for cooler latitudes and more alkaline soils. Within that range in Minnesota it is by no means abundant. It does bear some resemblance to two other native buttercups, both of which are more prevalent in eastern and southern portions of the state. Pennsylvania Buttercup (R. pensylvanicus) is similar in size and leaf shape and also has bristly hairs throughout, but its stems tend to be less stout and do not root at the nodes, and its flowers are half the size, with small round petals and a cylindrical seed head. Hispid Buttercup (R. hispidus) has very similar flowers to R. macounii, somewhat the same stature and leaf shape, and as it name suggests can be quite hairy, but its stems are typically more slender and more spreading to ascending, densely hairy when young becoming nearly smooth with age. Its leaves are also more evenly divided into three main segments that are also more regularly incised into smaller lobes or just merely toothed where the lobing of R. macounii leaves is more irregular | |||||
Upright Coneflower Ratibida columnifera ![]() |
1 to 3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Prairie Coneflower Ratibida pinnata ![]() |
4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | Black-eyed Susan is one of the most commonly recognized native plants. A staple in many native gardens, it is a biennial that blooms in its second year and readily reseeds. Finches also enjoy the seeds. | |||||
Green-headed Coneflower Rudbeckia laciniata ![]() |
4 to 6 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Sweet Coneflower Rudbeckia subtomentosa ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Thinleaved Coneflower Rudbeckia triloba ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Wild Petunia Ruellia humilis ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Arrowhead Sagittaria latifolia ![]() |
2 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Bloodroot Sanguinaria canadensis ![]() |
1 foot | USDA Info | ||||||
Maryland Sanicle Sanicula marilandica ![]() |
1 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Royal Catchfly Silene regia ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Compass Plant Silphium laciniatum ![]() |
8 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Cup Plant Silphium perfoliatum ![]() |
10 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Prairie Dock Silphium terebinthinaceum ![]() |
6 to 7 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Prairie Blue-Eyed Grass Sisyrinchium campestre ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | Dainty border plant. Doesn't spread. | |||||
False Solomon's Seal Smilacina racemosa ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Starry False Solomon Seal Smilacina stellata ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Zig Zag Goldenrod Solidago flexicaulis ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | Zig Zag Goldenrod gets its name from the way that its stems 'zig zag' from leaf to leaf. These leaves are bluntly toothed all along the stem with the middle leaves usually the largest at 6 inches long and 4 inches wide. The small flowers appear from late summer to early fall in a cluster near the top of the plant. Zig Zag Goldenrod can be aggressive and therefore may not be suitable for small woodland gardens. | |||||
Gray Goldenrod Solidago nemoralis ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
White Upland Aster Solidago ptarmicoides ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Riddell's Goldenrod Solidago riddellii ![]() |
3 to 5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Rigid Goldenrod Solidago rigida ![]() |
4 to 5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Showy Goldenrod Solidago speciosa ![]() |
3 to 5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Meadowsweet Spirea alba ![]() |
5 to 6 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Blue Wood Aster Symphyotrichum cordifolium ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Heath Aster Symphyotrichum ericoides ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Smooth Aster Symphyotrichum laeve ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
New England Aster Symphyotrichum novae-angliae ![]() |
3 to 6 feet | USDA Info | Easily grown in average, Medium well-drained soil in full sun. Prefers moist, rich soils. Good air circulation helps reduce incidence of foliar diseases. Pinching back stems several times before mid-July will help control plant height, promote bushiness and perhaps obviate the need for staking. Easily grown from seed and may self-seed in the garden in optimum growing conditions. Plants may be cut to the ground after flowering to prevent any unwanted self-seeding and/or if foliage has become unsightly. | |||||
Tall Meadow Rue Thalictrum dasycarpum ![]() |
4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Rue Anemone Thalictrum thalictroides ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Spiderwort Tradescantia bracteata ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Rabbitfoot Clover Trifolium arvense ![]() |
4 to 16 inches | USDA Info | This wildflower is an annual (less often a biennial) about 4-16 inches tall, branching occasionally to abundantly. The erect to ascending stems are medium green, hairy, and terete. Alternate trifoliate leaves occur at intervals along these stems. These leaves have short hairy petioles. Individual leaflets are ½-1 inch long and about one-third as much across; they are elliptic, elliptic-oblong, or oblanceolate-oblong in shape. Leaflet margins are usually smooth and ciliate, although sometimes there are tiny teeth towards their tips. The upper leaflet surface is medium green and sparsely covered with appressed long hairs, while the lower surface is hairy. The leaflets are sessile or nearly so. At the base of the petiole of each compound leaf, there is a pair of stipules about ¼ inch long. The green body of each stipule usually adheres to the petiole, while its awn-like tip is detached from the petiole and it is either green or red. | |||||
Showy Trillium Trillium grandiflorum ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Large Flower Bellwort Uvularia grandiflora ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Edible Valerian Valeriana edulis ![]() |
1 to 4 feet | USDA Info | Edible Valerian is a threatened species and not to be confused with Valeriana officinalis, which is invasive. | |||||
Blue Vervain Verbena hastata ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | Blue vervain is a great choice for larger moist areas like shoreline restorations, where it can bloom continuously until frost. It spreads readily from seed. | |||||
Hoary Vervain Verbena stricta ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Ironweed Vernonia fasciculata ![]() |
5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Culvers Root Veronicastrum virginicum ![]() |
6 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Canada Violet Viola candensis ![]() |
1 to 3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Missouri Violet Viola missouriensis ![]() |
3 to 6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Bird's Foot Violet Viola pedata ![]() |
3 to 6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Yellow Violet Viola pubescens ![]() |
6 to 12 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Heart-leaved Golden Alexander Zizia aptera ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Golden Alexander Zizia aurea ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info |