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Balsam Fir
Balsam FirAbies balsameaAbies balsamea -
Silver Maple
Silver MapleAcer saccharinumAcer saccharinum -
Sweet Flag
Sweet FlagAcorus calamusAcorus calamus -
White Baneberry
White BaneberryActea pachypodaActea pachypoda -
Ohio Buckeye
Ohio BuckeyeAesculus glabraAesculus glabra -
Tall False Foxglove
Tall False FoxgloveAgalinis asperaAgalinis aspera -
Slenderleaf False Foxglove
Slenderleaf False FoxgloveAgalinis tenuifoliaAgalinis tenuifolia -
White Snakeroot
White SnakerootAgeratina altissimaAgeratina altissima -
Large-flowered Water Plantain
Large-flowered Water PlantainAlisma trivialeAlisma triviale -
Speckled Alder
Speckled AlderAlnus incanaAlnus incana -
Canada Anemone
Canada AnemoneAnemone canadensisAnemone canadensis -
Angelica
AngelicaAngelica atropurpureaAngelica atropurpurea -
Jack in the Pulpit
Jack in the PulpitArisaema triphyllumArisaema triphyllum -
Black Chokeberry
Black ChokeberryAronia melanocarpaAronia melanocarpa -
Prairie Sage
Prairie SageArtemisia ludovicianaArtemisia ludoviciana -
Wild Ginger
Wild GingerAsarum canadenseAsarum canadense -
Showy Milkweed
Showy MilkweedAsclepia speciosaAsclepia speciosa -
Marsh Milkweed
Marsh MilkweedAsclepias incarnataAsclepias incarnata -
Ebony Spleenwort
Ebony SpleenwortAsplenium platyneuronAsplenium platyneuron -
Crooked-stemmed Aster
Crooked-stemmed AsterAster prenanthoidesAster prenanthoides -
Purple-stemmed Aster
Purple-stemmed AsterAster puniceusAster puniceus -
Panicled Aster
Panicled AsterAster simplexAster simplex -
Ground Plum
Ground PlumAstragalus crassicarpusAstragalus crassicarpus -
Lady Fern
Lady FernAthyrium filix-feminaAthyrium filix-femina -
Narrow Leaved Spleenwort
Narrow Leaved SpleenwortAthyrium pycnocarponAthyrium pycnocarpon -
Hairy Wood Mint
Hairy Wood MintBlephilia hirsutaBlephilia hirsuta -
Blue-joint Grass
Blue-joint GrassCalamagrostis canadensisCalamagrostis canadensis -
Oklahoma Grasspink
Oklahoma GrasspinkCalopogon oklahomensisCalopogon oklahomensis -
Marsh Marigold
Marsh MarigoldCaltha palustrisCaltha palustris -
Bebbs Sedge
Bebbs SedgeCarex bebbiiCarex bebbii -
Bottlebrush Sedge
Bottlebrush SedgeCarex comosaCarex comosa -
Fringed Sedge
Fringed SedgeCarex crinitaCarex crinita -
Lake Sedge
Lake SedgeCarex lacustrisCarex lacustris -
Long Beaked Sedge
Long Beaked SedgeCarex sprengeliiCarex sprengelii -
Fox Sedge
Fox SedgeCarex vulpinoideaCarex vulpinoidea -
Buttonbush
ButtonbushCephalanthus occidentalisCephalanthus occidentalis -
Turtlehead
TurtleheadChelone glabraChelone glabra -
Black Cohosh
Black CohoshCimicifuga racemosaCimicifuga racemosa -
Broadleaved Spring Beauty
Broadleaved Spring BeautyClaytonia carolinianaClaytonia caroliniana -
Spring Beauty
Spring BeautyClaytonia virginicaClaytonia virginica -
Virgin's Bower
Virgin's BowerClematis virginianaClematis virginiana -
Red Osier Dogwood
Red Osier DogwoodCornus sericeaCornus sericea -
Hay Scented Fern
Hay Scented FernDennstasdtia punctilobulaDennstasdtia punctilobula -
Showy Tick-Trefoil
Showy Tick-TrefoilDesmodium canadenseDesmodium canadense -
Dutchman's Breeches
Dutchman's BreechesDicentra cucullariaDicentra cucullaria -
Leatherwood
LeatherwoodDirca palustrisDirca palustris -
Shooting-Star
Shooting-StarDodecatheon meadiaDodecatheon meadia -
Flat Topped Aster
Flat Topped AsterDoellingeria umbellataDoellingeria umbellata -
Wood Fern
Wood FernDryopteris marginalisDryopteris marginalis -
Spike Rush
Spike RushEleocharis acicularisEleocharis acicularis -
Silky Wildrye
Silky WildryeElymus villosusElymus villosus -
Virginia Wildrye
Virginia WildryeElymus virginicusElymus virginicus -
Fire Weed
Fire WeedEpilobium angustifoliumEpilobium angustifolium -
Cotton Grass
Cotton GrassEriophorum angustifoliumEriophorum angustifolium -
Rattlesnake Master
Rattlesnake MasterEryngium yuccifoliumEryngium yuccifolium -
Joe-Pye Weed
Joe-Pye WeedEupatorium maculatumEupatorium maculatum -
Boneset
BonesetEupatorium perfoliatumEupatorium perfoliatum -
Sweet Joe-Pye Weed
Sweet Joe-Pye WeedEupatorium purpureumEupatorium purpureum -
Large Leaved Aster
Large Leaved AsterEurybia macrophyllaEurybia macrophylla -
Queen of the Prairie
Queen of the PrairieFilipendula rubraFilipendula rubra -
Wild Strawberry
Wild StrawberryFragaria virginianaFragaria virginiana -
Black Ash
Black AshFraxinus nigraFraxinus nigra -
Northern Bedstraw
Northern BedstrawGalium borealeGalium boreale -
Bottle Gentian
Bottle GentianGentiana andrewsiiGentiana andrewsii -
Cream Gentian
Cream GentianGentiana flavidaGentiana flavida -
Stiff Gentian
Stiff GentianGentianella quinquefoliaGentianella quinquefolia -
Wild Geranium
Wild GeraniumGeranium maculatumGeranium maculatum -
Sneezeweed
SneezeweedHelenium autumnaleHelenium autumnale -
Woodland Sunflower
Woodland SunflowerHelianthus divaricatusHelianthus divaricatus -
Western Sunflower
Western SunflowerHelianthus occidentalisHelianthus occidentalis -
Sharp Lobed Hepatica
Sharp Lobed HepaticaHepatica acutilobaHepatica acutiloba -
Round Lobed Hepatica
Round Lobed HepaticaHepatica americanaHepatica americana -
Sweet Grass
Sweet GrassHierochloe odorataHierochloe odorata -
Virginia Waterleaf
Virginia WaterleafHydrophyllum virginianumHydrophyllum virginianum -
Winterberry
WinterberryIlex verticillataIlex verticillata -
Dwarf Crested Iris
Dwarf Crested IrisIris cristataIris cristata -
Blue Flag Iris
Blue Flag IrisIris versicolorIris versicolor -
Soft Rush
Soft RushJuncus effususJuncus effusus -
Path Rush
Path RushJuncus tenuisJuncus tenuis -
Torrey's Rush
Torrey's RushJuncus torreyiJuncus torreyi -
Northern Blazing Star
Northern Blazing StarLiatris ligulistylisLiatris ligulistylis -
Prairie Blazingstar
Prairie BlazingstarLiatris pycnostachyaLiatris pycnostachya -
Michigan (Turk's Cap) Lily
Michigan (Turk's Cap) LilyLilium michiganenseLilium michiganense -
Cardinal Flower
Cardinal FlowerLobelia cardinalisLobelia cardinalis -
Blue Lobelia
Blue LobeliaLobelia siphiliticaLobelia siphilitica -
Snowy Wood Rush
Snowy Wood RushLuzula niveaLuzula nivea -
Wild Lily-of-the-Valley
Wild Lily-of-the-ValleyMaianthemum canadenseMaianthemum canadense -
Ostrich Fern
Ostrich FernMatteuccia struthiopterisMatteuccia struthiopteris -
Virginia Bluebells
Virginia BluebellsMertensia virginicaMertensia virginica -
Monkey Flower
Monkey FlowerMimulus ringensMimulus ringens -
Variegated Moorgrass
Variegated MoorgrassMolinia caeruleaMolinia caerulea -
Wild Bergamot
Wild BergamotMonarda fistulosaMonarda fistulosa -
Sensitive Fern
Sensitive FernOnoclea sensibilisOnoclea sensibilis -
Interrupted Fern
Interrupted FernOsmunda claytonianaOsmunda claytoniana -
Royal Fern
Royal FernOsmunda regalisOsmunda regalis -
Cinnamon Fern
Cinnamon FernOsmundo cinnamomeaOsmundo cinnamomea -
Switchgrass
SwitchgrassPanicum virgatumPanicum virgatum -
Blue Phlox
Blue PhloxPhlox divaricataPhlox divaricata -
Obedient Plant
Obedient PlantPhysostegia virginianaPhysostegia virginiana -
Black Spruce
Black SprucePicea marianaPicea mariana -
May Apple
May ApplePodophyllum peltatumPodophyllum peltatum -
Solomon's Seal
Solomon's SealPolygonatum biflorumPolygonatum biflorum -
Christmas Fern
Christmas FernPolystichum acrostichoidesPolystichum acrostichoides -
Cottonwood
CottonwoodPopulus deltoidesPopulus deltoides -
American Plum
American PlumPrunus americanaPrunus americana -
Mountain Mint
Mountain MintPycnanthemum virginianumPycnanthemum virginianum -
Swamp White Oak
Swamp White OakQuercus bicolorQuercus bicolor -
Bur Oak
Bur OakQuercus macrocarpaQuercus macrocarpa -
Green-headed Coneflower
Green-headed ConeflowerRudbeckia laciniataRudbeckia laciniata -
Sweet Coneflower
Sweet ConeflowerRudbeckia subtomentosaRudbeckia subtomentosa -
Thinleaved Coneflower
Thinleaved ConeflowerRudbeckia trilobaRudbeckia triloba -
Wild Petunia
Wild PetuniaRuellia humilisRuellia humilis -
Bebb Willow
Bebb WillowSalix bebbianaSalix bebbiana -
Pussy Willow
Pussy WillowSalix capreaSalix caprea -
Elderberry
ElderberrySambucus racemosaSambucus racemosa -
Maryland Sanicle
Maryland SanicleSanicula marilandicaSanicula marilandica -
Green Bulrush
Green BulrushScirpus atrovirensScirpus atrovirens -
Woolgrass
WoolgrassScirpus cyperinusScirpus cyperinus -
River Bulrush
River BulrushScirpus fluviatilisScirpus fluviatilis -
Three-squared Bulrush
Three-squared BulrushScirpus pungensScirpus pungens -
Royal Catchfly
Royal CatchflySilene regiaSilene regia -
Prairie Dock
Prairie DockSilphium terebinthinaceumSilphium terebinthinaceum -
False Solomon's Seal
False Solomon's SealSmilacina racemosaSmilacina racemosa -
Starry False Solomon Seal
Starry False Solomon SealSmilacina stellataSmilacina stellata -
Zig Zag Goldenrod
Zig Zag GoldenrodSolidago flexicaulisSolidago flexicaulis -
Riddell's Goldenrod
Riddell's GoldenrodSolidago riddelliiSolidago riddellii -
Indian Grass
Indian GrassSorghastrum nutansSorghastrum nutans -
Broadfruit Bur-Reed
Broadfruit Bur-ReedSparganium eurycarpumSparganium eurycarpum -
Prairie Cordgrass
Prairie CordgrassSpartina pectinataSpartina pectinata -
Steeplebush
SteeplebushSpiraea tomentosaSpiraea tomentosa -
Meadowsweet
MeadowsweetSpirea albaSpirea alba -
Prairie Dropseed
Prairie DropseedSporobolus heterolepisSporobolus heterolepis -
New England Aster
New England AsterSymphyotrichum novae-angliaeSymphyotrichum novae-angliae -
Tall Meadow Rue
Tall Meadow RueThalictrum dasycarpumThalictrum dasycarpum -
Rue Anemone
Rue AnemoneThalictrum thalictroidesThalictrum thalictroides -
Showy Trillium
Showy TrilliumTrillium grandiflorumTrillium grandiflorum -
Large Flower Bellwort
Large Flower BellwortUvularia grandifloraUvularia grandiflora -
Blue Vervain
Blue VervainVerbena hastataVerbena hastata -
Ironweed
IronweedVernonia fasciculataVernonia fasciculata -
Culvers Root
Culvers RootVeronicastrum virginicumVeronicastrum virginicum -
American High-Bush Cranberry
American High-Bush CranberryViburnum trilobumViburnum trilobum -
Canada Violet
Canada VioletViola candensisViola candensis -
Missouri Violet
Missouri VioletViola missouriensisViola missouriensis -
Bird's Foot Violet
Bird's Foot VioletViola pedataViola pedata -
Yellow Violet
Yellow VioletViola pubescensViola pubescens -
Golden Alexander
Golden AlexanderZizia aureaZizia aurea
Name | Type | Light Exposure | Soil Moisture | Height | Bloom Color | Bloom Months | Notes/Description | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balsam Fir Abies balsamea ![]() |
60 feet | USDA Info | Fragrant needles, common Christmas tree, grows along bogs and in shaded forests, natural range is in the northern half of MN. Has an inconspicuous yellow flower. | |||||
Silver Maple Acer saccharinum ![]() |
50 to 80 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Sweet Flag Acorus calamus ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
White Baneberry Actea pachypoda ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Ohio Buckeye Aesculus glabra ![]() |
20 to 40 feet | USDA Info | Easily grown in average, Medium well-drained soils in full sun to part shade. Prefers moist, fertile soils. Foliage tends to scorch and generally depreciate in dry conditions. This is a taprooted tree that once established is very difficult to transplant. | |||||
Tall False Foxglove Agalinis aspera ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | This annual plant is 1–2½' tall, branching occasionally. It has a tendency to sprawl in the absence of supportive vegetation. The dark green stems are grooved and hairless. The opposite leaves are 1-3 inches long, dark green, and linear. They have smooth margins and a prominent midvein. The leaves are usually hairless, although new growth may be slightly pubescent. Secondary leaves may develop from the axils of the primary leaves along the central stem, but they are smaller in size than the latter. Some of the upper stems develop racemes of flowers. These flowers are up to 1 inch long and across, and vary in color from lavender to purple. | |||||
Slenderleaf False Foxglove Agalinis tenuifolia ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
White Snakeroot Ageratina altissima ![]() |
2 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Large-flowered Water Plantain Alisma triviale ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | Alisma triviale prefers full or partial sun and mucky soil or shallow, slow-moving, even stagnant water. It withstands drought better than most aquatic plants. The oval basal leaves of Alisma trivale are about one-foot tall and form a rosette from which rises a whorled panicle of small white flowers, reaching a height of three feet during summer. This species prefers full or partial sun and mucky soil or shallow, slow-moving, even stagnant water. It withstands drought better than most aquatic plants. | |||||
Speckled Alder Alnus incana ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Canada Anemone Anemone canadensis ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | Showy white flowers highlight this plant in spring. This may be the only time of year when the extent of its spread is apparent! In garden settings, be prepared for it to spread quickly by underground roots. In restorations, it can help stabilize soil relatively quickly. | |||||
Angelica Angelica atropurpurea ![]() |
7 feet | USDA Info | With impressive stature, leaves that can reach two feet wide and large umbrella-like flower structure, this species has an imposing presence. It's not surprising that it has a long history of reputed medicinal and magical properties. Stately sentinels along stream beds, Angelica plants reach heights of six or more feet with hollow, smooth purple stems from one to two inches round. Angelica is calcareous and therefore needs an alkaline soil with a pH of 7 to 8. | |||||
Jack in the Pulpit Arisaema triphyllum ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | A great woodland plant with the pulpit in the spring and red berries in the fall. | |||||
Black Chokeberry Aronia melanocarpa ![]() |
6 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Prairie Sage Artemisia ludoviciana ![]() |
2 to 3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Wild Ginger Asarum canadense ![]() |
6 to 12 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Showy Milkweed Asclepia speciosa ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Marsh Milkweed Asclepias incarnata ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Ebony Spleenwort Asplenium platyneuron ![]() |
8 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Crooked-stemmed Aster Aster prenanthoides ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Purple-stemmed Aster Aster puniceus ![]() |
4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Panicled Aster Aster simplex ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Ground Plum Astragalus crassicarpus ![]() |
1 foot | USDA Info | ||||||
Lady Fern Athyrium filix-femina ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Narrow Leaved Spleenwort Athyrium pycnocarpon ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Hairy Wood Mint Blephilia hirsuta ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Blue-joint Grass Calamagrostis canadensis ![]() |
4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Oklahoma Grasspink Calopogon oklahomensis ![]() |
1 foot | USDA Info | Oklahoma Grass-pink was recognized as a new species only recently, in 1994. Initially its range was considered restricted to south central US, but subsequent herbarium investigations expanded that range into the Upper Midwest, including Minnesota. According to Welby Smith's book 'Native Orchids of Minnesota', the most recent MN specimen dates back to 1884, and while verification via specimens 130 years or older leaves some room for doubt, it is more than less accepted as native to the state but likely long extinct. While the enigma of extinction diminishes the likelihood of new modern discoveries, such events do occur with some frequency for numbers of species and would certainly be an exciting discovery for a lucky field botanist and a great pleasure for the rest of us. Very similar to Tuberous Grass-pink (Calopogon tuberosa) with which it was once lumped, it can be identified in the field. | |||||
Marsh Marigold Caltha palustris ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Bebbs Sedge Carex bebbii ![]() |
1 foot | USDA Info | ||||||
Bottlebrush Sedge Carex comosa ![]() |
2 to 3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Fringed Sedge Carex crinita ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Lake Sedge Carex lacustris ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | Readily spreads by underground roots and therefore makes a good shoreline stabilizer. | |||||
Long Beaked Sedge Carex sprengelii ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Fox Sedge Carex vulpinoidea ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis ![]() |
12 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Turtlehead Chelone glabra ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Black Cohosh Cimicifuga racemosa ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Broadleaved Spring Beauty Claytonia caroliniana ![]() |
3 to 8 inches | USDA Info | Small pale pink flowers adorn this low growing woodland ephemeral. Can naturalize over the years to create a carpet of blooms. | |||||
Spring Beauty Claytonia virginica ![]() |
3 to 8 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Virgin's Bower Clematis virginiana ![]() |
6 to 20 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Red Osier Dogwood Cornus sericea ![]() |
12 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Hay Scented Fern Dennstasdtia punctilobula ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Showy Tick-Trefoil Desmodium canadense ![]() |
4 to 5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Dutchman's Breeches Dicentra cucullaria ![]() |
1 foot | USDA Info | ||||||
Leatherwood Dirca palustris ![]() |
6 feet | USDA Info | The yellow early spring flowers and red fall fruit make this an attractive choice for a shaded shrub in a landscape. Leatherwood is one of the few native shrubs blooming abundantly in deep shade, due to its early leaf-out. It is a shrub indicating an old growth forest. The bark of Dirca palustris has been know to cause dermatitis. | |||||
Shooting-Star Dodecatheon meadia ![]() |
1 foot | USDA Info | ||||||
Flat Topped Aster Doellingeria umbellata ![]() |
4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Wood Fern Dryopteris marginalis ![]() |
1 foot | USDA Info | ||||||
Spike Rush Eleocharis acicularis ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Silky Wildrye Elymus villosus ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Virginia Wildrye Elymus virginicus ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Fire Weed Epilobium angustifolium ![]() |
4 to 6 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Cotton Grass Eriophorum angustifolium ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Rattlesnake Master Eryngium yuccifolium ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Joe-Pye Weed Eupatorium maculatum ![]() |
5 to 6 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Boneset Eupatorium perfoliatum ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Sweet Joe-Pye Weed Eupatorium purpureum ![]() |
5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Large Leaved Aster Eurybia macrophylla ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Queen of the Prairie Filipendula rubra ![]() |
5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Wild Strawberry Fragaria virginiana ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Black Ash Fraxinus nigra ![]() |
90 feet | USDA Info | Due to the arrival of Emerald Ash Borer in the Midwest, we do not recommend planting Ash at this time. | |||||
Northern Bedstraw Galium boreale ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Bottle Gentian Gentiana andrewsii ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Cream Gentian Gentiana flavida ![]() |
2 to 3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Stiff Gentian Gentianella quinquefolia ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Wild Geranium Geranium maculatum ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Sneezeweed Helenium autumnale ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Woodland Sunflower Helianthus divaricatus ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Western Sunflower Helianthus occidentalis ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Sharp Lobed Hepatica Hepatica acutiloba ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Round Lobed Hepatica Hepatica americana ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Sweet Grass Hierochloe odorata ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Virginia Waterleaf Hydrophyllum virginianum ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Winterberry Ilex verticillata ![]() |
12 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Dwarf Crested Iris Iris cristata ![]() |
3 to 8 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Blue Flag Iris Iris versicolor ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Soft Rush Juncus effusus ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Path Rush Juncus tenuis ![]() |
1 foot | USDA Info | ||||||
Torrey's Rush Juncus torreyi ![]() |
1 foot | USDA Info | ||||||
Northern Blazing Star Liatris ligulistylis ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Prairie Blazingstar Liatris pycnostachya ![]() |
4 to 5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Michigan (Turk's Cap) Lily Lilium michiganense ![]() |
4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Cardinal Flower Lobelia cardinalis ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | A hummingbird favorite, cardinal flower is a striking plant in the garden or restoration. It is a short-lived perennial, usually blooming 3-5 years. It can reseed if seeds receive enough light and consistent moisture during germination. | |||||
Blue Lobelia Lobelia siphilitica ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | Great summer bloomer, especially showy in raingarden base. | |||||
Snowy Wood Rush Luzula nivea ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Wild Lily-of-the-Valley Maianthemum canadense ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Ostrich Fern Matteuccia struthiopteris ![]() |
2 to 6 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Virginia Bluebells Mertensia virginica ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Monkey Flower Mimulus ringens ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Variegated Moorgrass Molinia caerulea ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Wild Bergamot Monarda fistulosa ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Sensitive Fern Onoclea sensibilis ![]() |
2 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Interrupted Fern Osmunda claytoniana ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Royal Fern Osmunda regalis ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Cinnamon Fern Osmundo cinnamomea ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Switchgrass Panicum virgatum ![]() |
3 to 6 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Blue Phlox Phlox divaricata ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Obedient Plant Physostegia virginiana ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Black Spruce Picea mariana ![]() |
35 feet | USDA Info | Slow-growing, long lived-up to 200 years. Common along marshes and bogs. Heat from fire opens cones. Low drought tolerance. May not be suitable for the middle of a raingarden. | |||||
May Apple Podophyllum peltatum ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Solomon's Seal Polygonatum biflorum ![]() |
1 to 3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Christmas Fern Polystichum acrostichoides ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Cottonwood Populus deltoides ![]() |
90 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
American Plum Prunus americana ![]() |
20 feet | USDA Info | Wildlife: American plum is highly important as wildlife cover and food. The thorny, suckering growth, when protected, forms a thicket valuable for bird nesting, loafing, and roosting, and animal loafing and bedding. Twigs and foliage provide a highly preferred browse for whitetail and mule deer. Recreation and Beautification: The thorny growth and suckering characteristics should be considered before planting this species near a recreation area. It can be used for screening and natural barriers. The fruit is used widely for making jams and jellies. Ethnobotanic: American plum was and still is used as a source of food and medicine by Native Americans in the Midwest and West. | |||||
Mountain Mint Pycnanthemum virginianum ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Swamp White Oak Quercus bicolor ![]() |
50 to 60 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Bur Oak Quercus macrocarpa ![]() |
65 to 80 feet | USDA Info | largest eastern oak, found between prairie and woodland. Thich cory bark allows it to withstand fires. Member of white oak family. | |||||
Green-headed Coneflower Rudbeckia laciniata ![]() |
4 to 6 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Sweet Coneflower Rudbeckia subtomentosa ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Thinleaved Coneflower Rudbeckia triloba ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Wild Petunia Ruellia humilis ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Bebb Willow Salix bebbiana ![]() |
20 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Pussy Willow Salix caprea ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Elderberry Sambucus racemosa ![]() |
12 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Maryland Sanicle Sanicula marilandica ![]() |
1 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Green Bulrush Scirpus atrovirens ![]() |
5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Woolgrass Scirpus cyperinus ![]() |
3 to 5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
River Bulrush Scirpus fluviatilis ![]() |
6 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Three-squared Bulrush Scirpus pungens ![]() |
4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Royal Catchfly Silene regia ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Prairie Dock Silphium terebinthinaceum ![]() |
6 to 7 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
False Solomon's Seal Smilacina racemosa ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Starry False Solomon Seal Smilacina stellata ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Zig Zag Goldenrod Solidago flexicaulis ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info | Zig Zag Goldenrod gets its name from the way that its stems 'zig zag' from leaf to leaf. These leaves are bluntly toothed all along the stem with the middle leaves usually the largest at 6 inches long and 4 inches wide. The small flowers appear from late summer to early fall in a cluster near the top of the plant. Zig Zag Goldenrod can be aggressive and therefore may not be suitable for small woodland gardens. | |||||
Riddell's Goldenrod Solidago riddellii ![]() |
3 to 5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Indian Grass Sorghastrum nutans ![]() |
5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Broadfruit Bur-Reed Sparganium eurycarpum ![]() |
3 to 6 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Prairie Cordgrass Spartina pectinata ![]() |
6 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Steeplebush Spiraea tomentosa ![]() |
4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Meadowsweet Spirea alba ![]() |
5 to 6 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Prairie Dropseed Sporobolus heterolepis ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
New England Aster Symphyotrichum novae-angliae ![]() |
3 to 6 feet | USDA Info | Easily grown in average, Medium well-drained soil in full sun. Prefers moist, rich soils. Good air circulation helps reduce incidence of foliar diseases. Pinching back stems several times before mid-July will help control plant height, promote bushiness and perhaps obviate the need for staking. Easily grown from seed and may self-seed in the garden in optimum growing conditions. Plants may be cut to the ground after flowering to prevent any unwanted self-seeding and/or if foliage has become unsightly. | |||||
Tall Meadow Rue Thalictrum dasycarpum ![]() |
4 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Rue Anemone Thalictrum thalictroides ![]() |
6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Showy Trillium Trillium grandiflorum ![]() |
1 to 2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Large Flower Bellwort Uvularia grandiflora ![]() |
2 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Blue Vervain Verbena hastata ![]() |
3 to 4 feet | USDA Info | Blue vervain is a great choice for larger moist areas like shoreline restorations, where it can bloom continuously until frost. It spreads readily from seed. | |||||
Ironweed Vernonia fasciculata ![]() |
5 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Culvers Root Veronicastrum virginicum ![]() |
6 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
American High-Bush Cranberry Viburnum trilobum ![]() |
16 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Canada Violet Viola candensis ![]() |
1 to 3 feet | USDA Info | ||||||
Missouri Violet Viola missouriensis ![]() |
3 to 6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Bird's Foot Violet Viola pedata ![]() |
3 to 6 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Yellow Violet Viola pubescens ![]() |
6 to 12 inches | USDA Info | ||||||
Golden Alexander Zizia aurea ![]() |
3 feet | USDA Info |